Subsystem: Proline Synthesis
This subsystem's description is:
This universal pathway is found in organisms ranging from bacteria to H. sapiens.
However, the first reaction (conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to glutamate) is catalyzed by different enzymes in different organisms.
In mammals, this reaction occurs in the mitochondrial matrix by an NAD(P)+-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.3). Glutamate is then transported to the cytoplasm, where the rest of the reactions occur.
In bacteria, the first step is catalyzed by a NADP+-dependent enzyme (EC 1.4.1.4).
Net Reaction Equation: glutamate + ATP + 2 NADPH = L-proline + 2 NADP+ + Pi
gdhA and proB enzymes form a complex necessary for the activity of the first enzyme -glutamate dehydrogenase
For more information, please check out the description and the additional notes tabs, below
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This universal pathway is found in organisms ranging from bacteria to H. sapiens. However, the first reaction (conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to glutamate) is catalyzed by different enzymes in different organisms. In mammals, this reaction occurs in the mitochondrial matrix by an NAD(P)+-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.3). Glutamate is then transported to the cytoplasm, where the rest of the reactions occur. In bacteria, the first step is catalyzed by a NADP+-dependent enzyme (EC 1.4.1.4). Net Reaction Equation: glutamate + ATP + 2 NADPH = L-proline + 2 NADP+ + Pi gdhA and proB enzymes form a complex necessary for the activity of the first enzyme -glutamate dehydrogenase Variant Codes: 1 = pathway of Proline Synthesis (from L-glutamate) is complete 9 = at least one form of Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (encoded by ProC, ProG, or ProI, etc) is present in the absence of ProA and ProB. It is a rather common occurrence, but it's functional significance is not clear. Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase participates in a process other than Pro biosynthesis? (for example, in Proline degradation??) -1 = no proABC homologs can be asserted in an organism Currently selected organism: Anabaena variabilis ATCC 29413 (open scenarios overview page for organism)
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